Induline ink toners and carbon inks



Patented. Jan. 8, 1946 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE INDULINE INK TONERS AND CARBON INKS Werner F. Goepfert, Oi-adell, N. J., asslgnor to Interchemicai Corporation, New York N. Y., a corporation of Ohio No Drawing. Application Mans, 1942,

Serial No. 443.129

6 Claims. (01. 106-23) This invention relates to toners for carbon inks and to inks containing the same.

In the preparation of carbon inks it is cus+ tomary to add a dark colored toner to giveythe ink the desired shade or tone. The most common toners for this purpose are made from dye bases which are of deep blue to purple color, such as Victoria blue and especially methyl violet, and to a lesser extent, induline. These basic dye bases must be combined with an acid radical to develop the full color strength of the dye. If acid radicals of higher fatty acids are employed, the resulting dyes become oil soluble. Fbr this purpose oleic acid has been used. However, the use of oleic acid has not been entirely satisfactory because the dye reaction product, or toner, shows an excesslve amount ofcreeping and penetration into thepaper. This usuallybecomes apparent as a discoloration or halo around the spot where the ink has been deposited by transfer from the carbon paper. Also, the strength of the ink is reduced by the creeping of the dye throughthe carbon paper backing, thus shortening the life or usefulness of the carbon'paper.

Stearic acid has been suggested as a substitute for the oleic acid as a solubilizing agent for the dye base, but stearic acid toners are too crystalline in nature, and inks containing them show a bloom on printing which is easily rubbed off.

This invention provides toners which are equalto or greater than the oleic acid treated dye bases in coloring strength, and which are characterized by their relative lack of creeping and at the same time do not cause a bloom on printing which can be rubbed oil. Also the toners show marked wetting of carbon black when milled in I the usual waxes employed in making transfer inks.

' products, or toners, are unique in that they com- .bine the characteristics of non-penetration into porous material on which the ink is placed and yet do not form a-bloom on printed surfaces. Of these three fatty acids myristic is preferred be cause it imparts the best balance of non-penetration, wetting and printing qualities to the toners.

The preparation and use of these toners are I illustrated in the following examples:

Example 1. Mvr istic acid toner perature was raised to 100 C., and maintained for thirty minutes, after which the material was allowed to cool. The toner formed had a deep blue color and was of a semi-solid consistency. A more wax-like material may be obtained by using a greater proportion of myristic acid. A mixture of lauric and myristic acids instead of substantially pure myristic acid was also used to obtain a suitable toner. In this case the acid mixture employeed contained about 60% lauric acid, although pure lauric acid may be used if desired. This toner was very dark blue.

Example Ze -Palatine acid toners Another toner was prepared by employing palmitic acid in place of the myristic acid of Example 1. This toner was slightly more solid than the myristic acid toner, being a medium hardmaterial which sheared very easil with a knife.

Example 3 Parts by weight Carnauba ,wax'

Mixture of carbon black and logwood black 25 to i Mineral oil 25to35 Toner of Example 1 or 2 1.5 to 4 Methyl violet dye 1.5 to 5 The methyl violet ,dye was in the form of the HCl salt.

Other vegetable waxes may be substituted for part of the camauba wax, such as candelilla wax. Also, the toners of this invention permit the uniform dispersion of carbon black in other waxy media, "such as pentaerythritol dibehenate and stearyl alcohol, which ordinarily flocculate carbon black when other toners are used.

It is obviously not necessary that the acid medium with which the dye base is combined be pure myristic, lauric or palmitic acid, or a mixture thereof, but it should not contain very large amountsof other acids. Satisfactory carbon ink toners have been made according to this invention where the acid medium contained as much as about 20% of other fatty acids. but the amount of impurities should preferably be less than this. 7

Similarly, other dye bases may be added to the toners of this invention or to the inks containing the toners to obtain particular shades or hues. However, the benefits of this invention willnot be realized in the. formulation of carbon inks unless theinduline tonershereindescribed constitute an appreciable part of the colorin materials used to tone the ink.

. The employment of toners of this invention in certain kinds of printing inks forms the sub-.- ject-matter of copending application Serial No. 443,128, filed May 15, 1942.

- I claim:

b ing characterized by its lack of bloom, the lack.

of halo about impressions made therefrom on p'apenand the excellent dispersion of the carbon black in. the. composition.

8. A carbon ink comprisinga wax vehicle, colcred. with a: major proportion of carbon black,

and a minor proportion of an oil-soluble toner, which is the reaction product of induline base, and myristic acid, the ink being characterized by its lack of bloom, the lack of halo about impressions made therefrom on paper, and the excellent dispersion of the carbon black in the composition.

4. The reaction product of apprommately nine parts by weight of myristic acid, and six parts 10 byweight of induline base, the product being an acterized by its lack of bloom, the lack of=halo oil-soluble deep blue semi-solid which has a high dispersive action on carbon black in waxy and oily media.

5'. A carboniink comprising a wax vehicle in which carbon black tends to flocculate, colored with a major proportion of carbon black, and a minor-proportion of an oil-soluble toner, which is the reaction product of 6 parts by weight of induline base, and 9 parts byweight of at least one fatty acid of the group consisting of lauric, myristic and palmiticacids, the ink being charabout impressions made therefrom on paper, and the excellent dispersion of the carbon black in the composition.

- 6. The reaction product of approximately-nine parts by weight of'palmitic acid; and six parts by weight of induline base, the product beingnn oilsoluble deep' blue semi-solid which has ahigh dispersive action on carbon black in wax!" and oily media.

wERNm F. GOEPFERT. 

